History of Las Vegas, Nevada Essay Example for Free

History of Las Vegas, Nevada Essay Las Vegas, translated from Spanish as â€Å"the meadows† was discovered and thus established in 1829 by the Mexican merchant Antonio Armijo, who led a trade caravan of 60 men creating a trade route to Los Angeles. Ironically, what historically was established as a mere transition point on a route, became one of the most remarkable places in the United States, â€Å"a pearl in a desert. † Practically, the rapid growth of Las Vegas as both a tourist destination and a community is directly related to the development of the image of Las Vegas. Even though Nevada was the last state to outlaw gambling in 1909 and the first state subsequently to legalize gambling in 1931, Las Vegas city fathers were more concerned with the divorce laws than reinstating gambling, and throughout most of the 1930s, gambling remained a sideline for Las Vegas. But the eighth wonder of the world, as Boulder Dam was then billed, began to funnel a torrent of tourists to the Las Vegas Valley (Boorstin, 1987:3). Las Vegas leaders envisioned their town as a Nevada Palm Springs. Alan Hess, in his book Viva Las Vegas, observes, They began to promote their characteristic western identity, the desert scenery, a social mix of laissez-faire government and neighborly hospitality embodied in speedy divorces and easy gambling† (Hess, 1993:19). In 1932, a year after the legalization of gambling, the then-luxurious, three-story Hotel Apache opened in downtown Las Vegas. With a motif of Native American design and an elevator to the supper club on top, the Apache was the most modern for its day. By 1936, the dam was completed and Las Vegas, with no more big payroll checks from dam workers, was beginning an economic slump. But, between 1938 and 1942 several changes occurred to avert the slump. In 1938, Los Angeles Mayor Fletcher Brown had begun enforcing the no gambling laws in California and many California gamblers moved to Las Vegas. Guy McAfee, a police captain and commander of the vice squad, was one of these California gamblers who moved into Las Vegas where he purchased the Pair-O-Dice Club in 1939. McAfee is credited with naming that part of the Los Angeles Highway which came into Las Vegas as The Strip in fond memory of the Sunset Strip in Los Angeles. It would be several years before The Strip would gain its present day fame. Federal intervention also assisted the Las Vegas economy when President Roosevelts administration ordered air bases throughout the country. In 1940 Las Vegas received an air training station on the outskirts of town, and in 1941, Basic Magnesium, Inc. (BMI) was built, which created the city of Henderson. Las Vegas found itself with two new industries-recreation provided by the dam and lake, and defense, provided by the training station and BMI. The recreation (tourism) and defense industries would shape many western cities throughout the rest of the century. Fremont Street, Las Vegass main thoroughfare, boomed. As Don Knepp said in Las Vegas Entertainment Capital, There also emerged the image of Las Vegas as the glamorous hub for vacations in the Southwest† (Knepp, 1987:31). The city leaders had begun promoting Las Vegas as a tourist Mecca, and the WPA Guide to Nevada, the Silver State, 1940, seemed to approve of the methods when it said of Las Vegas, No cheap and easily parodied slogans have been adopted to publicize the city, no attempt has been made to introduce pseudo-romantic architectural themes, or to give artificial glamour and gaiety† (Hess, 1993:20). 941 saw further growth for the Strip and downtown. The El Rancho opened with a dude ranch theme and atmosphere. Built by Californian Thomas E. Hull, the El Rancho established a pattern of roadside landmarks, vistas and signs that broke with the tradition of downtown Las Vegas hotels and realized a vision that would mold the citys current form. The El Rancho duplicated the easy accessibility of the roadside motel, but with much more grandeur. While the downtown Hotel Apache was fancy, the El Rancho was lavish. Downtown, the El Cortez opened. Built by Californians Marion Hicks and John Grayson and although multistory, as most downtown hotels were, the El Cortez also kept to the western or Spanish theme. After stopping at the El Rancho, William J. Moore and R. E. Griffith, realizing the potential of thousands of gambling customers from the gunnery school, built the Last Frontier. Opening in October 1942, the Last Frontier also western in theme, was larger and more opulent than the El Rancho. McAfee, not satisfied with owning just the Pair-O-Dice Club, tried to upstage the El Rancho by building the Pioneer Club at Fremont and First Streets. Also consciously western in style, the Pioneer Club opened in 1942. Even though western in design, as late as 1947 Las Vegans were amazed that something so lavish as the El Rancho could succeed so far from downtown. The success of the El Rancho, the Pioneer Club and the Last Frontier was impressive enough that the city boosters considered making the western theme mandatory for Fremont Street. Although many downtown casino owners followed suit, the idea was never formally adopted. As Las Vegas became more savvy about the potential of a tourist economy, it began to exploit its western heritage more consciously. In keeping with the western motif, dude ranches replaced motels to provide divorce seekers a place to stay until their six weeks residency requirements were met The western influence provided a successful venue for divorce interests and gambling, two of the leading economic factors for Las Vegas. Close behind McAfee was Bugsy Siegel, who began by taking over the Las Vegas race betting wires, and, as a representative of Al Capone, muscled out the Continental Press Service and gained part ownership of several Fremont Street Clubs including the Pioneer Club. Although there was already an obscure element of gangsters in Las Vegas, Siegel was publicly known for his ties to organized crime. Siegel brought with him the negative aspect of the influence of organized crime, but he also brought the positive aspect of establishing a landmark luxury resort with the building of his Flamingo which broke with the western theme. The half-finished Flamingo officially opened with Jimmy Durante as entertainment in 1946; finances forced closure of the resort four weeks later, but the Flamingo reopened in 1948. Knepp credits Siegel with bringing extensive national exposure to Las Vegas; the notoriety attached to the Fabulous Flamingo branded Las Vegas as an underworld haven, a reputation that has persisted (Knepp, 1987:32). World War II created a shortage of construction materials which also created most of the financial difficulties Siegel experienced while building the Flamingo. But the federal government, including the war and defense spending, contributed greatly to Nevada, especially Las Vegas. Eugene P.  Moehring states in his book, Resort City in the Sunbelt, that Defense spending was an obvious by-product of the worldwide conflict. But, like the dam earlier, World War II strengthened the towns recreational economy† (Moehring, 1995:40). The war also brought some disadvantages such as curfews, which cut profits by closing casinos from 2 to 10 a. m. and meat rationing, which caused some restaurants to close. Clearly, the national emergency created many problems for Las Vegasâ⠂¬  (Moehring, 1995:40). Yet, much the same as Hoover Dam before it, World War II represented a bonanza for the small towns economy. The war helped confirm gambling as Las Vegass main postwar industry; By partially depriving the city of tourists for almost four years, the war magnified their [tourists] importance in the minds of promoters† (Moehring, 1995:40). The end of the World War II brought an end to the shortages of construction materials which had plagued Siegel and the 1950s brought the largest growth expansion in American history. This expansion occurred in the western United States, led by the state of Nevada. As 1950 opened, Nevada contained approximately 160,000 residents: by 1955, the population was about 245,000, a rise of more than 53 percent (Glass, 1981:39). By the end of the 1950s, Nevadas population had increased 75 percent, to 285,000 residents, making it the fastest-growing state in the country. During this expansion, Nevadas economy flourished thanks to mining, to the Freeport Law and to the test site in Las Vegas. But, it was gambling that brought about the unprecedented growth. By 1955, mining still outstripped gambling by just under $100,000, but as Jane Glass, in her book Nevadas Turbulent 50% asked, Who noticed? Well, of course the people who were working the mines noticed and the tax collectors who pulled in the highest amount on record but, almost nobody else† (Glass, 1981:92) which seems to imply that Nevada, especially Las Vegas, had forgotten the rich economy of mining, preferring instead to credit gambling as the biggest boon the states economy. The Freeport La w was the legacy of Edwin Bender, an administrator for a federal agency in charge of storing strategic war material, when he discovered a shortage of space in which to store the items. By the end of the 1940s, Bender found himself with a surplus of space and a shortage of goods. Later, when the county tax assessor evaluated some of the items for tax purposes, Bender felt the taxation to be unfair. He wrote a proposal for what became the Freeport bill and with the help of Nevada Attorney General Alan Bible, who drew up the bill. Owners of warehouses and light manufacturing firms found Nevadas tax climate substantially to their liking and, the Freeport Law became a significant economic advantage. After twenty-five years, three-quarters of a billion dollars worth of goods were being shipped yearly by truck and rail from the warehouses in the state (Glass, 1981:44). Although initially slow to move, the Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce became deeply involved in designing and planning for tourists as early as 1944. The Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce and its boosters, fearing for the postwar economy sponsored a fund raiser to raise $75,000 as a budget for promoting the city as a tourist destination. During the war, the two largest industries had been the Army Air Base and Basic Magnesium, Inc. Surveys and research led the Chamber to the conclusion that tourism was now the best means to a good economy and the Chamber set out to attract visitors. Before long however, Las Vegas found it had to deal with the underworld image that had grown up thanks to Bugsy Siegel and others. The Chamber of Commerce tried several different public relations firms and advertising firms to draw attention away from the negative publicity of gangsters as well as the wild city image previously promoted. When these firms failed to promote the city in what Las Vegans and the Chamber felt was a positive way, the Chamber hired the West Marquis Agency to handle promotion. The West Marquis Agency was subsequently replaced when the Chamber felt it too had failed. It appears the Chamber need not have worried. Surveys now have shown that during the time of heavy gangster influence, tourists came to Las Vegas in the hopes of actually seeing a gangster. Knepp supports this view, For most visitors in the 1940s, however, the reputed underworld ties seemed only to highlight the citys wide open appeal. † (Knepp, 1987:32). Nevertheless, by the 1950s, promoting Las Vegas and creating the acceptable image had become a concerted effort of the Las Vegas Chamber of Commerce, the city and the casinos who hired their own communication specialists. Contemporary Las Vegas is a place famous for extremely high concentration of world largest and what is more important, famous, casinos, among which are Stratosphere Hotel and Tower, the Las Vegas Hilton, the Rio Suites, the Gold Coast, the Maxim, the San Reno, the Continental, the new Paris and the smaller Hard Rock, Luxor, and the Circus Circus. Las Vegas Valley and its dominant industry generate a great many statistics, some misleading, others conflicting. In 1995-96, gamblers left behind $3. billion at the machines, tables, and sports books of the Strip compared to $683 million Downtown, a fact that gives some idea of the relative importance of the two in the industry that created and still runs Las Vegas (Littlejohn and Gran, 1999:2-3). Las Vegas has more hotel rooms than any other city in the world (more than a hundred thousand in 1998, with twenty thousand more either planned or under construction), and the highest average hotel-occupancy rate (87 to go percent) of any American city. In 1995, the Zagat Guide estimated that it offered the lowest average daily hotel room rate of the thirty-three leading U. S. visitor destinations. Moreover, Las Vegas currently contains nine of the worlds ten largest hotels. Las Vegas claims to be the number-one tourist destination in the U. S. , with more than 30 million visitors a year. Nevada had in 1996 both the highest marriage rate (ten times the national average, due primarily to out-of-state couples who come to Las Vegas and Reno to marry) and the highest divorce rate (more than double the national average). According to the FBIs Uniform Crime Reports for 1995, Las Vegas had the highest total crime rate and the highest rate of crimes against property among all American cities with more than 250,000 people (Littlejohn and Gran, 1999:5). Police reports for that year placed Las Vegas fourth among U. S. metropolitan areas of over a million population after Miami, Phoenix, and Oklahoma City in the rate of all serious crimes; 14. 7 percent of these were called â€Å"violent. †

Henry David Thoreau and the Power of Non-Violent Resistance Essay

Thoreau contends that men have lost the free will to make individual decisions regarding war, slavery, and domestic issues because government imposes on its citizens only in its own self interests. (Thoreau 1706). He states government loses its integrity when willing to consider profit over the interests of its citizens, and basic human rights such as slavery and war. (Thoreau 1707). He considers slavery as a â€Å"hateful and stupid enterprise? (Eulau 119). Thoreau feels such deep disgrace being associated with a government who condones slavery, that he refuses to vote, pay taxes, and makes his only contact with this government the tax collector. (Eulau 121). Thoreau personally does not want to be bothered with the issues of government or slavery, but because of his writings he is sought out by Abolitionists to give speeches for them. He feels idealism, individualism and democracy are not achievable in a society willing to maintain slaves. (Eulau 123). He is obsessed with right, t ruth and justice for all citizens and encourages nonviolent resistance as the means to effectively abolish slavery. (Eulau 124). This position is different than most Abolitionists of the time. During this time most of his attention is directed at the southern slaves states. The Fugitive Slave Law of 1850 is the event that leads him to become detached from the State. The treatment of a runaway slave weighs heavily on his emotions. His anger leads him to encouragepeople to withdraw farther from the State ...

Formation and retention of nutrients Essay

The world is ridden with many resources that are often taken for granted. Some of these resources have to be dug up or mined, but many are spread out all over the land for the taking. One of these natural gifts that has found indispensable use in our society is peat. Peat is a combination of various things, mostly vegetable and plant matter that has decayed over millions of years. (Smith) The proper term for this process is carbonization, and while peat has yet to completely carbonize into coal, this can take thousands of years more. (Smith) Although peat is composed of many other vegetation decaying over the years, most of it is moss. (Smith) The decay of these materials occurs â€Å"mostly under anaerobic (oxygen-deficient) conditions†. (LMU) Peat in its raw form contains 96% water (LMU) and is harvested primarily for fuel and agricultural (fertilizer) purposes. (Smith) The process of peat decay causes the material to â€Å"store organic carbon which is released into the atmosphere as carbon dioxide or methane, greenhouse gasses that affect global climate. † (LMU) The gases released by peat as it decomposes are highly flammable. However, peat, in its natural form is totally harmless because it is â€Å"too wet to burn†. (LMU) In certain cases where the natural state of peat is disturbed it becomes vulnerable to fire, which is often the cause of forest fires or fires commonly occurring in wetlands. This can be very dangerous because burning peat can release smoke that contains aerosols and toxic gases, which can result to respiratory diseases and problems. (LMU) Peat is best harvested, obviously, after hundreds of thousands of years, or the time it takes for the materials to totally decompose. Peat bogs have a surface living layer that gets destroyed when mature peat, beneath the living layer is harvested. (LMU) Of the many uses of peat, fuel is the most common. In remote areas where there are no other resources, peat is used for energy production. (LMU) Peat is â€Å"shown to be an economical alternative to oil or coal-fired electric-power generating stations in some circumstances† (LMU) and it is also used to produce methanol. Peat can also be used as garden fertilizer as it is an efficient moisture retainer. Using it in gardens can promote the formation and retention of nutrients. Some companies also use peat as a raw material in producing biodegradable planters. (Smith) â€Å"Peat can also be used to make paper, pad livestock beds, or pack products for shipment. † (LMU) Peat is also a decorative implement in creating handicraft and artwork. Many handmade crafts and arts use peat as an aesthetically pleasing accent. Peat is an irreplaceable resource, if not for eternity, for this generation at least, because it will take hundreds of thousands of years in the future for other peat layers to form. However, peat is abundant nowadays in many countries all over the world, but the indiscriminate harvesting of this resource can lead to ecological imbalance and eventually, its irreversible depletion. Like any other natural resource, peat should be harvested reasonably to preserve existing peat bogs and ensure that plenty will be available for future generations to use. Like oil, which is a fossil fuel, peat has to be harvested with much discretion because once all of it is gone, we will all have to wait for hundreds of thousands of years to harvest it again – surely, none of us can live that long.

How Can We Safe Water - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 3 Words: 946 Downloads: 8 Date added: 2019/04/15 Category Ecology Essay Level High school Topics: Water Pollutions Essay Did you like this example? INTRODUCTION Being born and raised in Florida I take water pollution very seriously. I grew up surfing in the crystal blue waters in Ponce Inlet, Florida. Water pollution is a very serious problem that has not only an impact on the planet but to us, our health, and our future generation. We all have access to free water in our homes but we use the convince of it being bottled, buying it at the store and grabbing one before we run out the door for the day. The dangers that plastic has on our oceans and humans is going to be a crisis for our aquatic eco-system if we dont do something about it. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "How Can We Safe Water?" essay for you Create order BODY Water is free right? Does your fridge have a water filtration system? Do you have tap water in your house? If the answer to a majority of these questions is yes then ask yourself this: Why are over half the Americans buying bottles of water? Plastic water bottles are made from a composition called (PET) polyethylene terephthalate which takes at least 450 years to decompose. A simple plastic water bottle sitting on your desk will outlive us. Over half of the water bottles consumed by Americans today are discarded into the trash which then, where do they go? Landfills and our oceans. According to the National Geographic1, scientists believe that 8.8 million tons of plastic end up in our oceans every YEAR. Think about it, tons of plastic ending up in our oceans every year damaging the aquatic eco-system. There are so many mini organisms that thrive on the aquatic waters to live so that our aquatic eco-system stays healthy. According to the National Geographic2, 40% of all fish species in the North America are at risk of extension. The bodies of water around the world are critical elements for us as humans not only for our health but for our economy here in Florida. We live in a state surrounded by water, the fish market is popular here. People come visit from all over to come try local fresh seafood. Whether you live in a land locked state or a state that is surrounded by water. The eco-system all serves us the same. Storm clouds move inland from the oceans and carry nutrients through the air providing us with the healthy air we get to breathe. Plastic bottles are not the only problem. Discuss the different types of algal blooms There are many manufacture industries where their chemicals run off into the ground or even worse into rivers or the oceans. This causes a chemical imbalance in the waters which causes algal blooms. Algal blooms occur both in fresh and salt water. When algal blooms occur in the water they suffocate the portion of water from its nutritions killing off any organism that was living also known as dead zones in the water. According to the Pesticide Environmental Stewardship3, run offs are created when water builds on the surface faster than it can enter the soil creating a run off. Once the run off beings chemicals, such as, fertilizers get mixed into the water. The water then flows into canals, lakes, rivers and oceans. As water heats up storms become stronger and beach erosion becomes more prominent. Ice caps melt which creates rising seas. If the water is too warm it can result in the death of aquatic organisms that will disrupt many marine habitats. The increase in warmer waters is created by thermal pollution. Thermal pollution is created when the industrial industries use it as coolant and when the water is deposited back to its original source the temperature of the water deprives the oxygen level of the current water temperature. Creating a change in the overall waters temperature. Look at what happened to Puerto Rico with hurricane Maria. The storm intensified so quick because of how warm the water was. According to National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA)4, two things must be present for a hurricane to form: warm air and oceans water surface temperatures at least 80 degrees Fahrenheit. This is a recipe for disaster in years to come. If the water is too warm it can result in the death of aquatic organisms that will disrupt many marine habitats. In reference to School of Oceanography5, the warmer the water the lower the oxygen level which will in return shift marine life habitats. CONCLUSION So next time you go to purchase water from the grocery store. Think to yourself how much money you can save a week, month or a year by purchasing a filtration for your fridge and buying a bottle that can be washed. Think about the nutrients we put into the earth, it will come to the surface and make its way to the waters. Think about it. If we dont take of our bodies what happens? We get sick, right? So why are we abusing what is giving us life? References: Aquatic Ecosystems and the Species Who Rely on Freshwater. National Geographic, National Geographic Society , 28 Oct. 2017, www.nationalgeographic.com/environment/freshwater/aquatic-ecosystems/ Plastic Pollution. Kids Games, Animals, Photos, Stories, and More, National Geographic Society , 15 Aug. 2018, kids.nationalgeographic.com/explore/nature/kids-vs-plastic/pollution/ Gardner, Ron. The Problem of Runoff. Pesticide Environmental Stewardship, pesticidestewardship.org/water/runoff/ US Department of Commerce, and National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Hurricanes Form over Tropical Oceans, Where Warm Water and Air Interact to Create These Storms. How Does the Ocean Affect Hurricanes?, NOAA Ocean Explorer , 29 May 2013, oceanexplorer.noaa.gov/facts/hurricanes.html Portner, Hans-Otto, et al. Warmer, Lower-Oxygen Oceans Will Shift Marine Habitats. The School of Oceanography, University of Washington, www.ocean.washington.edu/story/Warmer%252C_Lower-oxygen_oceans_will_shift_marine_habitats

The Effects Of Traumatic Events On Infants And Young Children

In recent years the research regarding trauma has shifted from adults to children. In the past, the impact of traumatic events on infants and young children has been passed over when in reality early childhood is the stage when a child is most vulnerable to the effects of trauma (Perry et. al., 1995). There are numerous interventions for early childhood trauma that focus on the child and the child’s primary caregiver. I wanted to design an intervention that will be able to go beyond the home environment of the child and into the school environment. Teacher can become secondary caregivers in a child’s life. They can also spend a significant amount of time with a child during the child’s time in the classroom. The teacher-training module was designed to offer a brief overview of early childhood trauma. The goal of the teacher-training is to provide teachers who work with children ages 0-5 with an overview of what early childhood trauma is, how it can present in the child’s behavior and to better equip teachers with an understanding of why difficult behaviors present in a child due to trauma. Reasoning behind effects of early childhood trauma will be discussed later in regards to attachment theory, stress and trauma theory, and psychoanalytic theory. Traumatic experience can occur to children under the age of six (Zero to Six Collaborative Group, 2010). Even though a child may not be able to vocalize or verbalize his/her own experiences regarding the traumatic experience, itShow MoreRelatedInfant Trauma1407 Words   |  6 Pagestragic event. The pain of the memories alone can be devastating. It takes time and support to find a sense of self again, to feel safe in the world again. But what if the trauma happened before life ever really began? Is there any lasting effect on a person that was merely an infant when the trauma was experienced? The research is growing on this topic and it reveals that there can definitely be some significant effects from infant trauma. As we look into the effects of trauma on infants, we firstRead MoreSetting And Attachment Theory Of A Family966 Words   |  4 PagesAdoption or Foster Care E.Moving Home F.Living Outside of the Home G.Family Breakdown H.Loss of Significant People I.Moving Between Settngs or Carers I.There are a number of Significant theories of ATTACHMENT that we should be aware of when considering children s overall development.ATTACHMENT is important as it affects a child s long term social and emotional development. A.John Bowlby s THEORY of ATTACHMENT -he recognised and devised one of the most important theories,which is that of ATTACHMENT.HeRead MoreEmotional Abuse : Cause And Effects1344 Words   |  6 PagesEmotional Abuse: Cause and Effects Abuse comes in many forms such as physical, sexual, verbal, or even emotional; feelings or emotions have the ability to cut as deep as any weapon; causing long term damage in the lives of children. Larry James was once quoted in saying: â€Å"Emotional abuse is just as damaging as physical abuse. The only difference between the two is with physical abuse you are wearing it on the outside for the world to see and the other is felt deep inside. Others cannot see the bruisesRead MoreThe Plasticity At A Young Age1693 Words   |  7 PagesThe brain is constantly changing and molding from new experiences. The plasticity at a young age presents itself in an enormous amount which allows the brain to change and adapt. When a child is bestowed with a traumatic experience at a young age they learn from that and are effected tremendously, because that’s all the knowledge they contain. Traits are hard wired into people and that coming from parents it already sets a path to follow and in a way already makes them who they are, but an environmentRead MoreDomestic Violence and Social Problems1268 Words   |  6 Pagessexual orientation, socioeconomic backgrounds, or education levels. While the systems primary focus targets adult victims of abuse the new attention is being focused on children who witness domestic violence. Witnessing a violent crime is commonly defined as being within visual range of the scene as the crime occurs. Children are expected to unfold in a secure and nurturing environment. When the environment is injected by fear and violence all of the normal task of growing up are unfavorablyRead MoreEffects Of Maltreatment On Brain Development And Its Consequences1150 Words   |  5 Pages Effects of Maltreatment on Brain Development and its Consequences Abuse and neglect is , unfortunately, not an unusual occurrence in the lives of young children. The maltreatment that they experience often have harmful long-term effects that depend on many factors. These factors are dependent on the age of the infant/child at the time of the occurrence, the question of whether the abuse was a single event or a ritual norm, and the relationship with and the identity of the abuser, as well as whetherRead MoreThe Effects Of Substance Abuse On A Person s Life Essay1528 Words   |  7 Pagesclassified as. With that being said, researchers have found that traumatic experiences and dysfunction endured at a young age is highly correlated with the abuse of substances later in life. Trauma may include the child enduring any type of abuse, or neglect and a breakage in bonds with others to cause negative emotions that predominantly lead to posttraumatic stress disorder. The fist point to be viewed is how trauma endured at a young age impacts a child, which t hen leads to PTSD and statistical dataRead MoreConcussions Or Mild Traumatic Brain Injuries958 Words   |  4 PagesConcussions or mild traumatic brain injuries (MTBI) are the most common forms of traumatic brain injury. There are between 1.6 and 3.8 million concussions a year that occur due to sports and recreation accidents alone (CDC). Mild concussions and MTBIs were once thought to be insignificant in terms of consequences. However, there now is significant evidence that neurological even with what is thought to be a mild injury, physiological, and cognitive changes can occur. Individuals sustaining mild brainRead MoreDefinitions Of Memories In Wrights Black Boy By Richard Wright895 Words   |  4 PagesBoy as an autobiography, he made the book fictitious when expressing his memories. The first example is on the first page when Wright talks about the time he set his grandmothers house on fire at the age of four. Four-year-old children are not capable of remembering events in g reat detail. He also expresses the conversation he and his three-year-old brother had. This makes no sense whatsoever because toddlers cannot have full conversations. Perhaps he did this in a way to make the novel more interestingRead MoreLong Term Effects Of Early Trauma On Children1521 Words   |  7 Pages The Long Term Effects of Early Trauma on Children in Foster and Adoptive Settings Alyssa Lodhi Amberton University October 25th, 2014 â€Æ' Personal Journey When I was five years old, my mom told me that there were some children who didn’t have moms. I was shocked, and told my mother frankly that I’d be their mom. Caring for children with early trauma has been the driving passion of my life. When I was six and again when I was eight, my parents adopted children from Vietnam. Having siblings

Wage and Salary Chapter 1 - 12487 Words

Milkovich−Newman: Compensation, Eighth Edition Front Matter 1. The Pay Model  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 Chapter One The Pay Model Chapter Outline Compensation: Definition, Please? Society Stockholders Managers Employees Global Views—Vive la diffà ©rence Forms of Pay Cash Compensation: Base Cash Compensation: Merit Pay/ Cost-of-Living Adjustments Cash Compensation: Incentives Long-Term Incentives Benefits: Income Protection Benefits: Work/Life Focus Benefits: Allowances Total Earnings Opportunities: Present Value of a Stream of Earnings Relational Returns from Work The Employment Relationship Combines Transactional and Relational Returns Variations in Transactional and Relational Expectations A Pay Model Compensation†¦show more content†¦The Pay Model  © The McGraw−Hill Companies, 2004 2 Chapter 1 The Pay Model Think of all the other employees, in addition to the performers, required for putting on a performance of Cats. Electricians, trombonists, choreographers, dressers, janitors, nurses, vocal coaches, accountants, stagehands, payroll supervisors, ushers, lighting technicians, ticket sellers—the list goes on. Consider the array of wages paid to these employees. Why does the swing get paid more than other performers? Why does the performer get paid more (or less) than the trombonist? How are these decisions made, and who is involved in making them? Whether the pay is our own or someone else’s, compensation questions engage our attention. Does the compensation received by all the people connected with Cats matter? Most employers believe that how people are paid affects people’s behaviors at work, which affect an organization’s chances of success. Compensation systems can help an organization achieve and sustain competitive advantage.1 COMPENSATION: DEFINITION, PLEASE? What image does the word â€Å"compensation† bring to mind? It does not mean the same thing to everyone. Yet how people view compensation affects how they behave at work. Thus, we begin by recognizing different perspectives. Society Some people see pay as a measure of justice. For example, a comparison of earnings of women with those of men highlights what manyShow MoreRelatedEconomic Tool and Concepts1121 Words   |  5 Pagesnotable. According to Getzen (2007), â€Å"There has recently been a growing recognition that instead of a surplus, a future shortage of physicians may occur. Since the number of U.S. medical graduates has not kept pace with the growth in U.S. population† (Chapter 7, p. 161). The nursing shortage and medical providers has become extremely demanded within the health care industry to provide a quality of health care. The following information will define economic concepts such as supply curve, demand curveRead MorePayroll System1611 Words   |  7 PagesCHAPTER 1 THE BACKGROUND AND ITS SETTING âž ¢ Introduction âž ¢ Background of the Study âž ¢ Problem Definition âž ¢ Significance of the Study âž ¢ Objective of the Study âž ¢ Scope and Delimitation CHAPTER 2 EXISTING SYSTEMS OVERVIEW âž ¢ Background of the Company âž ¢ Organizational Structure and its Function to the Organization âž ¢ Existing System Overview âž ¢ Analysis for Existing System Cost Show the ff: ââ€" ª Labour Expense ââ€" ª Utilities Expense ââ€" ª RentRead MoreQuestions On The Liquidation Courts871 Words   |  4 PagesCHAPTER TEN HOW TO BANKRUPT YOUR STUDENT LOANS Everybody realizes that you can t bankrupt understudy credits. 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Non Financial Performance Measures and Firm

Question: Discuss about the Non Financial Performance Measures and Firm. Answer: Introduction Non financial performances need to be required to analyze by each and every company to know about the expected performances of the company, and for taking an effective decisions. Although financial performances measures the financial results of the company, but non financial performance tells about the performance quality features about the company. These factors plays an important role in making a company different from its competitors that is point of differentiation can be achieved (PMC, 2014). In ensuring the success of the business various elements play a key role. That is, besides financial factors, non financial factors also play a considerable role. Like management of key areas like human resource, quality measurement of the products, company profile and employee reviews, environment sustainability factors (Trillium asset management, 2015). Gilead pharmaceuticals Gilead pharmaceutical company is a biopharmaceutical company; it has a target area across the world as it offers the medicines in 150 countries. It provides treatment on oncology, immunology, cardiology, endocrinology, dialectology, and neurology. It also provides nutritional treatment. The company mission statement is to remain affordable, and provide safe healthcare across the world. The current ratio of the company is 2.50 in 2015 that shows that it will have a good liquidity position (Prezi, 2017). Non-financial performance The aspects of non financial performance are that in analyzing the companys success apart from financial aspects, non financial aspects would also be considered. The performance analysis of the company would be discussed, which describes about compliance to its corporate social responsibility, and the companys internal control system. It also tells about long run aspects of the company. It highlights the companys strength in respect of services to the customers, quality of production and satisfactory performance given to the employees (Emeakponuzo, 2014). The positive aspects of non financial performance of Gilead Inc The key advantage of company in case of its performances is that it does not test on animals for their medicines production. The main strategy of Gilead is to diversify. And for diversification they expands their business so to employee more employees. Another positive aspect the Gilead Inc has is research and development. The company has increased its expenditure too in research and development. The company Gilead Inc has an increase in return on assets. It is due to increase in sales of the company. Apart from this the company has good control over its inventory tool, as they keep record of their inventories across the markets they have; hence by this they are able to avoid the situation of stock outs. The company has a partnership with Clinton health access, this partnership helped the company in purchasing medicines in bulk, hence the company also a gets a cost advantage because of this. In respect to the non financial performance, Gilead was considered as number one position by the Chronicle of Philanthropy in respect of donating funds to many corporations in order to meet the medical needs and to reduce the affects of diseases like viral hepatitis, HIV. In case of production Gilead produces approximately 900 million tablets of oral medicines and approximately 900million liquid medicines as per 2014 report (Gilead, 2016). In respect employees wellness Gilead conduct a campaign annually in which they challenges their employees to stay healthy. It is an eight week program in which the employees have to take 10,000 steps per day. For this personal devices can also be used to keep a record. It is to motivate employees to remain healthy. At this campaign high risk factors like cholesterol level, body mass index, sugar level, and blood pressure are measured. This campaign is free for all regular employees. Apart from this the employees are also allowed to buy fresh fruits, organic produce, vegetables. In case of sustainability of environment, Gilead used to recycle its dugs and medicines so to reduce the environmental impact (Gilead, 2014). Conclusion These factors play a considerable role in performance of the company. In the given case of Gilead Inc, these factors make the company different from its competitor and increase it sales; it made a positive impact on return on assets. The benefits managers get through non financial performance is that it would be easy for them to make corporate decisions and take decisions in an effective manner. These factors are considered as relevant because they increase the brand value and company image in the minds of the consumer in respect of point of differentiation. These aspects describes that whether the company is working in right direction or not. References Emeakponuzo,D,E. (2014) Non-financial performance measures and firm value in Nigeria: What is the link?. British journal of economics, management trade. Vol 4, issue 6. Gilead. (2016) Gilead publishes 2015 corporate social responsibility report. Retrieved at https://www.gilead.com/news/csr-report-2015 Gilead.(2014) Sustainability report 2014. Retrieved at https://www.gilead.com/~/media/files/pdfs/other/gilead_sr_2014_final.pdf?la=en PMC. (2014) Development of an integrated performance measurement (PM) model for Pharmaceutical Industry. Retrieved at https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3977072/ Prezi. (2017) Gilead Science Inc. retrieved at https://prezi.com/gpk0wotaju6i/gilead-sciences-inc/ Trillium asset management. (2015) Gilead science, Inc.- Sustainability reporting (2015). Retrieved at https://www.trilliuminvest.com/shareholder-proposal/gilead-sciences-inc-sustainability-reporting-2015/